HTML Tutorial || Introduction

Item: HTML Tutorial || Introduction
Author: Ajil Krishna

author

April 30, 2020 January 27, 2024

Introduction to HTML

HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language for creating Web pages.
We can create a static website by HTML only.
HTML elements are represented by tags.

HTML Page Structure

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
   <head>
      <title>This is document title</title>
   </head> 
   <body>
      <h1>This is a heading</h1>
      <p>Hello World!</p>
   </body> 
</html>

Result

This is a heading
 Hello World!

All HTML documents must start with a document type declaration: <!DOCTYPE html>.
The HTML document itself begins with <html> and ends with </html>.
The visible part of the HTML document is between <body> and </body>

<!DOCTYPE...>

This tag defines the document type and HTML version.

<html>

This declaration represents the complete HTML document and mainly comprises of document header which is represented by <head>...</head> and document body which is represented by <body>...</body> tags.

<head>

This tag represents the document's header which can keep other HTML tags like <title>, <link> etc.

<title>

The <title> tag is used inside the <head> tag to mention the document title.

<body>

This tag represents the document's body which keeps other HTML tags like <h1>, <div>, <p> etc.

<h1>

This tag represents the heading.

<p>

This tag represents a paragraph.

HTML Versions

1989 Tim Berners-Lee invented www

1991 Tim Berners-Lee invented HTML

The first version of HTML was 1.0, which was the barebones version of HTML language

1993 Dave Raggett drafted HTML+

1995 HTML Working Group defined HTML 2.0

it was standard language version for website design. HTML 2.0 was able to support extra features such as form-based file upload, form elements such as text box, option button, etc.

1997 W3C Recommendation: HTML 3.2

This version was capable of creating tables and providing support for extra options for form elements. It can also support a web page with complex mathematical equations. It became an official standard for any browser till January 1997. Today it is practically supported by most of the browsers.

1999 W3C Recommendation: HTML 4.01

it is a very stable version of HTML language. This version is the current official standard, and it provides added support for stylesheets (CSS) and scripting ability for various multimedia elements.

2000 W3C Recommendation: XHTML 1.0

2008 WHATWG HTML5 First Public Draft

The first draft of this version,There are two major organizations one is W3C (World Wide Web Consortium), and another one is WHATWG( Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group) which are involved in the development of HTML 5 version, and still, it is under development.

2012 WHATWG HTML5 Living Standard

2014 W3C Recommendation: HTML5

2016 W3C Candidate Recommendation: HTML 5.1

2017 W3C Recommendation: HTML5.1 2nd Edition

2017 W3C Recommendation: HTML5.2

Features of HTML

It is the language which can be easily understood and can be modified.
It provides the more flexible way to deign web pages along with the text.
Effective presentations can be made with the HTML with the help of its all formatting tags.
You can display HTML documents on any platforms such as Macintosh, Windows and Linux etc.
Links can also be added to the web pages so it helps the readers to browse the information of their interest.
Graphics, videos and sounds can also be added to the web pages which give an extra attractive look to your web pages.

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